Designing the FLS

Tailoring your service model

This section helps you design a Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) based on local needs, stakeholder priorities and best practice.

Work with clinical teams, managers, commissioners and people with lived experience to develop a practical service model.

A facilitated workshop can help map pathways, explore options and create a shared service specification for implementation.

1. Set objectives

Clarify the objectives your new or improved FLS will work towards. These should reflect:

  • The gaps and needs identified in earlier stages

  • Expected improvements for patients and the health system

  • Alignment with the ROS Clinical Standards for FLS

Wherever possible, define objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound.

2. Agree the service model

Work with your stakeholders to define the overall shape of the service, including:

  • Scope and core functions

  • How patients will be identified, assessed, treated and followed up

  • Multidisciplinary roles and responsibilities

  • Integration with orthopaedics, radiology, primary care and community services

  • Inclusions and exclusion criteria

  • Referral and case-finding routes

  • Interfaces with falls services and pharmacy

  • Treatment initiation and monitoring

  • Escalation and clinical-governance processes

The service model forms the foundation for your detailed specification.

3. Estimate capacity required

Begin to quantify the resources your service will need, such as:

  • Staffing levels

  • Diagnostic capacity (e.g., DXA)

  • Administrative and IT support

In addition to the ROS Cost Benefit Tool, you can use our staffing table tool, which allows you to adjust capacity estimates to reflect your local activity, workforce mix and service design.

4. Draft the service specification

Bring all elements together into a clear, shared document outlining how your service will operate. This could include:

Clinical pathway

  • The full journey from fracture to assessment, treatment and follow up

  • Key processes, quality standards and timelines

  • How the service will meet the ROS Clinical Standards for FLS, the 11 FLS-DB key performance indicators and relevant NICE guidance.

Service delivery

  • Who will deliver the service

  • Roles and responsibilities across the team

  • Any required training, equipment or systems

  • Operating hours and locations

  • Referral acceptance

  • Documentation and communication requirements

  • Data collection and reporting

  • Clinical governance and review arrangements

The specification should give stakeholders a shared understanding of how the service will operate, what it will deliver and how performance will be measured.

Outcomes from this stage

By the end of this stage, you should have:

  • A clear set of objectives for your new FLS (aligned with the FLS-DB)

  • An agreed service model shaped by stakeholders

  • An estimate of the capacity and staffing required

  • A detailed service specification describing standards, pathways and delivery

  • Plans in place to move towards implementation and pilot activity

Help fund vital support for people with osteoporosis

To change a life like Ann's, please give today

A lady called Ann who has osteoporosis